Fermion Research's fork of llama.cpp that adds FV5 and FV5B GGML types to load and run Neutrino ternary-family models on CPU and CUDA backends.

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2026-07-28

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Why it is worth attention

It enables running Fermion's ternary models via the widely-used llama.cpp framework with verified greedy token identity correctness against the native runtime.

Who it is for

  • Researchers working with ternary models
  • Developers deploying Fermion's Neutrino models
  • Users wanting to run Neutrino GGUF packs on CPU/CUDA
  • llama.cpp enthusiasts interested in new quantization types

Use cases

  • Serving Neutrino-8B or Neutrino-0.6B models via an OpenAI-compatible server
  • Benchmarking performance of ternary models on CPU and CUDA
  • Verifying model output correctness with the provided gate tool
  • Integrating ternary models into applications using llama.cpp's infrastructure

Strengths

  • Adds two new GGML types (FV5 and FV5B) with careful numerical design (raw f32 activations, exact f32 scales)
  • Includes a gate tool that certifies greedy token identity on both CPU and CUDA backends
  • Supports CPU and full CUDA offload without model conversion
  • Easy to build and run with standard llama.cpp commands

Considerations

  • Type id collision with upstream requires a planned rebase and renumbering
  • No reference quantizer is provided; blocks are produced offline from Fermion containers
  • The fork optimizes for correctness parity, not peak speed
  • Only CPU and CUDA backends are supported; upstream llama.cpp rejects these packs until types are upstreamed

README quick start

llama.cpp — Fermion Research fork (fermion-fv5)

This is Fermion Research's fork of ggml-org/llama.cpp. It adds two GGML weight types so llama.cpp can load and run Neutrino GGUF packs — Fermion's ternary-family models — on the CPU and CUDA backends:

ggml typeidblockbytes/blockbpwused for
FV543256104 (f32 s_lo, f32 s_hi, 3×32 B bit-planes)3.25all attention / MLP linears
FV5B44256260 (f32 s, 256×int8)8.125token_embd / output

Everything else is stock llama.cpp at the pinned base commit — the model graph is untouched (Neutrino models are stock Qwen3 geometry, which mainline already implements). The upstream README is preserved as README_LLAMACPP.md.

GGUF is the compatibility door. Fermion's native runtime and its fused kernels remain the fast door; this fork optimizes for correctness parity with the deployed container function, not for peak speed.

Quickstart

You do not convert anything. Download a ready-made Neutrino GGUF pack (e.g. neutrino-8b-fv5.gguf, ~4.1 GB, or the 0.6B cut), verify its SHA256SUMS, then build this fork and point it at the file.

# CPU only
cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLAMA_CURL=OFF
cmake --build build -j --target llama-server llama-bench llama-completion

# CPU + CUDA (full offload supported)
cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLAMA_CURL=OFF -DGGML_CUDA=ON
cmake --build build -j --target llama-server llama-bench llama-completion

Run an OpenAI-compatible server, fully offloaded:

./build/bin/llama-server -m neutrino-8b-fv5.gguf -ngl 99 -c 4096 --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8080

Or a quick greedy completion / benchmark:

./build/bin/llama-completion -m neutrino-8b-fv5.gguf -ngl 99 -p "The capital of France is" -n 64 --temp 0 -no-cnv
./build/bin/llama-bench -m neutrino-8b-fv5.gguf -ngl 99 -p 512 -n 128

Stock upstream llama.cpp will reject these packs (FV5B = type id 44 is out of range there) — you need this fork until the types are upstreamed.

Correctness

The fork ships a gate tool, tools/fermion-greedy (llama-fermion-greedy), that certifies greedy token identity (free-running and teacher-forced, with per-flip logit-margin forensics, F32 KV cache):

Description

Fermion Research fork of llama.cpp: FV5/FV5B five-value ternary types for Neutrino GGUF packs (CPU + CUDA)

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