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AI repository intelligence
FR-AI / ANALYSISWhy it is worth attention
It turns QR transfer into a continuous high-rate optical channel by combining RaptorQ fountain coding, dual-lane QR rendering, and WebAssembly codecs, enabling reliable browser-only air-gapped file transfers.
Who it is for
- Privacy-conscious users transferring files across air-gapped or network-restricted devices
- Developers working with QR codes, fountain codes, or WebAssembly
- Teams needing offline device-to-phone data transfer without infrastructure
- Security researchers evaluating optical side-channel transfer methods
Use cases
- Move a file from a screen to a phone in an air-gapped or network-restricted setting
- Transfer files between devices without uploading to an application server
- Evaluate high-throughput QR streaming using the laboratory 1 Mbps profile
- Recover files despite camera blur, dropped frames, or out-of-order QR captures
Strengths
- Transfer is entirely browser-based; the file is never uploaded to an application server
- RaptorQ interleaving lets the receiver join mid-cycle, discard blur, accept out-of-order frames, and reconstruct after enough unique symbols
- Multiple integrity checks are performed: per-frame CRC, RaptorQ object CRC, compressed payload CRC, and original file CRC
- The test harness exercises the actual WebAssembly QR renderer and scanner with exposure noise and verifies production builds
Considerations
- High-speed dual-lane modes require full-screen sender playback, receiver dual-lane mode, and a landscape phone held close and steady
- Throughput is limited by camera capture and QR density; the 1 Mbps profile is a laboratory measurement before camera loss
- Requires a modern browser with WebAssembly and camera access, so not all devices are supported
README quick start
QRFerry
QRFerry moves a file from one device to another as a live animated QR stream. The sender and receiver run entirely in the browser; the file is never uploaded to an application server.
Use it
- Open the root page on the sending screen and choose a file.
- Open
/scanon the receiving phone and allow rear-camera access. - Start the QR stream and keep the complete code inside the phone's guide.
- Save the file when RaptorQ recovery and the whole-file checksum reach 100%.
Robust through Turbo 30 use one stable QR target. Turbo 60 uses two V30-L lanes, updating them alternately at 30 fps each so one remains stable during every display transition. The opt-in 1 Mbps laboratory profile uses the same dual-lane design with V40-L for a nominal 1.40 Mbps optical payload channel before camera loss. Dual modes require fullscreen sender playback, the receiver's Dual lane option, and a landscape phone held close and steady.
Demo
This inline preview is generated from the final privacy-redacted demo. The
full-resolution recording remains local at
videos/qrferrydemo_timed_redacted.mov and is intentionally excluded from Git.
Protocol
- Brotli quality 11 and gzip level 9 are both attempted; only the smallest representation is retained, and only when it saves optical bytes.
- QR frames use raw byte mode, avoiding the Base45 expansion of the previous protocol.
- Every frame carries a compact binary header, a RaptorQ symbol, and CRC-32.
- File metadata is inside the protected RaptorQ object instead of repeating in descriptor beacons.
- Source and repair symbols are interleaved. The receiver can join mid-cycle, discard blur, accept frames out of order, and reconstruct after receiving enough unique symbols.
- Turbo 15 uses one V30-L code held for four refreshes on a 60 Hz screen. Turbo 30 holds one code for two refreshes. Turbo 60 alternates updates across two V30-L lanes, so each lane remains stable for two refreshes while their combined stream carries 60 symbols per second. The 1 Mbps laboratory profile applies the same scheme to two denser V40-L lanes.
- Playback is synchronized to browser display refreshes. The sender reports its measured render rate; the receiver reports negotiated and delivered camera fps, completed scans per second, and decoder p50/p95 latency.
- Dual scanning acquires at most two codes per exposure and
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